virginia woolf的生平,virginiawoolf的个人简介

本文目录

• 1.virginiawoolf的个人简介
• 2.virginiawoolf的个人简介英文
• 3.伦纳德给伍尔夫的情书
• 4.英国作家伍尔芙的简介

virginiawoolf的个人简介

弗吉尼亚·伍尔夫（Virginia Woolf 1882－1941）原名弗吉尼亚·斯蒂芬，是英国现代著名的女小说家、评论家和散文作者。她的小说创作实践推动了现代小说的发展，她的理论进一步巩固了意识流小说的地位，她的影响在文学上经久不衰。但是，40年代到60年代，在英国对伍尔夫的评价一直偏低。从70年代起，英国文学研究领域却突发了对她重新研究的兴趣，甚至对她的“发疯”、相貌、癖性、爱好、私生活等等都有人进行专题研究。弗吉尼亚·伍尔夫已成为英国文学界的一位传奇人物。

virginiawoolf的个人简介英文

【生平】

Adeline Virginia Woolf (née Stephen; 25 January 1882 – 28 March 1941) was an English writer and one of the foremost modernists of the twentieth century.

During the interwar period, Woolf was a significant figure in London literary society and a central figure in the influential Bloomsbury Group of intellectuals. Her most famous works include the novels Mrs Dalloway (1925), To the Lighthouse (1927) and Orlando (1928), and the book-length essay A Room of One's Own (1929), with its famous dictum, "A woman must have money and a room of her own if she is to write fiction."

Woolf suffered from severe bouts of mental illness throughout her life, thought to have been the result of what is now termed bipolar disorder,and committed suicide by drowning in 1941 at the age of 59.

【作品及影响】

Woolf began writing professionally in 1900, initially for the Times Literary Supplement with a journalistic piece about Haworth, home of the Brontë family. Her first novel, The Voyage Out, was published in 1915 by her half-brother's imprint, Gerald Duckworth and Company Ltd. This novel was originally titled Melymbrosia, but Woolf repeatedly changed the draft. An earlier version of The Voyage Out has been reconstructed by Woolf scholar Louise DeSalvo and is now available to the public under the intended title. DeSalvo argues that many of the changes Woolf made in the text were in response to changes in her own life.

Lytton Strachey and Woolf at Garsington, 1923 Woolf went on to publish novels and essays as a public intellectual to both critical and popular success. Much of her work was self-published through the Hogarth Press. She is seen as a major twentieth-century novelist and one of the foremost modernists.

Woolf is considered a major innovator in the English language. In her works she experimented with stream of consciousness and the underlying psychological as well as emotional motives of characters. Woolf's reputation declined sharply after World War II, but her importance was re-established with the growth of feminist criticism in the 1970s.

Virginia Woolf's peculiarities as a fiction writer have tended to obscure her central strength: she is arguably the major lyrical novelist in the English language. Her novels are highly experimental: a narrative, frequently uneventful and commonplace, is refracted—and sometimes almost dissolved—in the characters' receptive consciousness. Intense lyricism and stylistic virtuosity fuse to create a world overabundant with auditory and visual impressions.Woolf has often been credited with stream of consciousness writing alongside her modernist contemporaries like James Joyce and Joseph Conrad.

The intensity of Virginia Woolf's poetic vision elevates the ordinary, sometimes banal settings—often wartime environments—of most of her novels. For example, Mrs Dalloway (1925) centres on the efforts of Clarissa Dalloway, a middle-aged society woman, to organise a party, even as her life is paralleled with that of Septimus Warren Smith, a working-class veteran who has returned from the First World War bearing deep psychological scars.

To the Lighthouse (1927) is set on two days ten years apart. The plot centres on the Ramsay family's anticipation of and reflection upon a visit to a lighthouse and the connected familial tensions. One of the primary themes of the novel is the struggle in the creative process that beset painter Lily Briscoe while she struggles to paint in the midst of the family drama. The novel is also a meditation upon the lives of a nation's inhabitants in the midst of war, and of the people left behind. It also explores the passage of time, and how women are forced by society to allow men to take emotional strength from them.

Orlando (1928) is one of Virginia Woolf's lightest novels. A parodic biography of a young nobleman who lives for three centuries without ageing much past thirty (but who does abruptly turn into a woman), the book is in part a portrait of Woolf's lover Vita Sackville-West. It was meant to console Vita for the loss of her ancestral home, though it is also a satirical treatment of Vita and her work. In Orlando, the techniques of historical biographers are being ridiculed; the character of a pompous biographer is being assumed in order for it to be mocked.

The Waves (1931) presents a group of six friends whose reflections, which are closer to recitatives than to interior monologues proper, create a wave-like atmosphere that is more akin to a prose poem than to a plot-centred novel.

Flush: A Biography (1933) is a part-fiction, part-biography of the cocker spaniel owned by Victorian poet Elizabeth Barrett Browning. The book is written from the dog's point of view. Woolf was inspired to write this book from the success of the Rudolf Besier play The Barretts of Wimpole Street. In the play, Flush is on stage for much of the action. The play was produced for the first time in 1932 by the actress Katharine Cornell.

Her last work, Between the Acts (1941), sums up and magnifies Woolf's chief preoccupations: the transformation of life through art, sexual ambivalence, and meditation on the themes of flux of time and life, presented simultaneously as corrosion and rejuvenation—all set in a highly imaginative and symbolic narrative encompassing almost all of English history. This book is the most lyrical of all her works, not only in feeling but in style, being chiefly written in verse. While Woolf's work can be understood as consistently in dialogue with Bloomsbury, particularly its tendency (informed by G. E. Moore, among others) towards doctrinaire rationalism, it is not a simple recapitulation of the coterie's ideals.

Woolf's works have been translated into over 50 languages by writers such as Jorge Luis Borges and Marguerite Yourcenar.

伦纳德给伍尔夫的情书

是伦纳德写给伍尔夫的求爱信。

弗吉尼亚·伍尔芙（Virginia Woolf?，1882年1月25日—1941年3月28日）。英国著名女作家，批评家，意识流小说大师。

伍尔夫的爱情生活十分坎坷，少女时代兄长的骚扰让她的心灵留下难以愈合的伤口，而她和第一个丈夫斯特雷奇结婚不久就宣布离婚，相互承诺作一生的朋友，事实上他们也是这样做的，斯特雷奇在离开伍尔夫以后，一直惦记她的状况，觉得她身边应该有一个可以照顾她一生的人。于是经过他的大力活动，介绍伍尔夫认识了另外一个男人，这个男人就是伦纳德。

伦纳德毕业于剑桥大学，饶有文才，深具眼力。当时伦纳德在锡兰殖民地工作，也就是现在的斯里兰卡。为了伍尔夫，他辞去了在殖民地的工作，起身返回英国。他给伍尔夫写了一封情书。

“我自私，嫉妒，残酷，好色，爱说谎而且或许更为糟糕。因此，我曾告诫自己永远不要结婚。这主要是因为，我想，我觉得和一个不如我的女人在一起，我无法控制我的这些恶**，而且她的自卑和驯服会逐渐地使我更加变本加厉……正因为你不是那种女性，就把这种危险无限地减少了。也许你就像你自己说的那样，有虚荣心，以自我为中心，不忠实，然而，它们和你的其他品格相比，是微不足道的。你是多么聪明，机智，美丽，坦率。此外，我们毕竟都喜欢对方，我们喜欢同样的东西和同样的人物，我们都很有才气，最重要的还有我们所共同理解的那种真实，而这对于我们来说，是很重要的。”

在见到这封情书后，伍尔夫满怀欣喜地接受了他的求婚，两人在一九一二年结婚。

英国作家伍尔芙的简介

外国文艺美学要略·人物·伍尔芙

维吉尼亚·伍尔芙(Virginia Woolf，1882—1941)英国女作家、文学批评家。1918年与丈夫奥纳德·伍尔芙创办著名的“荷格尔斯出版社”，并任编辑。伍尔芙是多产作家，著有小说、散文、戏剧、文艺批评等近五十种。是二十年代英国文坛“布鲁姆斯伯利派”的主要代表。她还是“意识流”小说的代表。她的主要成就是小说，代表作有《墙上的斑点》、《到灯塔去》。她的主要评论文章收入《普通读者》的集子内。

对伍尔芙的文艺思想应做具体分析。她认为，主观印象和幻想是文学描写的根本对象和中心。只有主观印象和幻想才是生活，才是“真实和真理。”同时，这个生活又是变幻莫测的、错综复杂的和不可知的。小说家的任务就是把这种变化的、不可知的、难以定义的精神世界表现出来。而不应去描写意识流状态或意识流本身之外的事物。传统小说之所以是“不真实”的，就是因为它没有表现人物“所有的幻想”， “生活从他们的笔下溜走了。”因此可以看出，伍尔芙深受“意识流”派的影响，在主观与客观的关系上，她更倾向于人的主观精神。

伍尔芙认为，文艺家应做无意识和潜意识的忠实记录者。她要求作家要把人物头脑中“千千万万个印象”，无论是细小的、奇异的，还是暂时的、用锋利的钢刀刻下来的，都应全部写出来。把那些“来自四面八方、宛如一阵阵不断坠落的无数微尘”般的印象全部记录下来。只有这样，才能写出“生活的本来面目”。即“在那千万个微尘纷纷坠入心田的时候，按照落下的顺序把它们记录下来”。 “描写每一事每一景给意识印上的痕迹。”并且要“让我们不要想当然地认为通常所谓的大事要比通常所谓的小事包含着更充实的生活吧”。但是，按照她的观点，作家创作出的人物只会是一些缺乏社会本质、失去客观联系的人物。如果作家只追求这种主观上的真实，必然会忽视对人的社会本质的追求。

伍尔芙要求运用新方法，塑造新的美的印象。伍尔芙十分推崇意识流小说。她认为二十年代以前的传统的讲故事写景物的方法，使人感到不完整、不满足，不能沟通读者与作者之间的感情，甚至造成障碍。这种旧小说的技巧和规范必须摒弃。而意识流小说是一种现代小说。要描写现代小说的人物，第一，对人物性格进行判断;第二，时刻注意20年代之后人物性格的变化。同时，要尽可能把人物写得美。 “这是我们借以生活的精神，就是生命本身。”这对我们有参考价值。

本来， “普通读者”一词来自十八世纪著名作家塞·约翰逊，本意是表示“普通读者”能够最公正、最少成见地评价作品。而伍尔芙的评论有自己的特点。在她的评论中，见解新颖，多有启发，一反通常评论的分析、评判，而是写她自己对作家、作品的感受和印象。

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